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This Web site is dedicated to the thousands of "users" of my programs, those who have helped test my programs over the last 22 or so years, and especially those who shared their experiences with me.

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SECTION: 4.20 is for some information and illustrations relating to example images of the various Display Modes that affect the way drawing elements are displayed.

The Perspective Display Modes relate to the way the lines and edges of the triangle elements are colored in and outlined. The Perspective Display Modes also control how line elements, triangle elements, or mixed elements will be processed for display.

See Section: 3.1.25.0 for a detailed discussion of issues relating to Perspective Display Modes, Printing Display Modes, and other issues related to this Section.

The Stereoscopic Display Modes relate to the way the right and left eye views will be formatted for display. Different stereoscopic viewing methods require different formatting of the two images, these formatting options are controlled through a code number. Various other values are associated with each formatting code number so as to optimize the display for each Stereoscopic Display Mode, and its relation to the particular elements being displayed. The Perspective Display Mode selected affects the appearance of the images used for the Stereoscopic Display Formatting, i.e. you can use all of the Perspective Display Modes with any of the Stereoscopic Display Modes giving a large variety of combinations, only some of which would be of interest generally.

See Section: 3.3.7.8 for a detailed discussion of issues relating to Stereoscopic Viewing Methods, Anaglyph glasses, and other issues related to this Section.

The modes available and the images they produce may be altered in other program revisions, so the images generated by the program version you have may not match the illustrations shown here. Variations in the code used in different program, revisions and versions can affect the results, so you should not expect the same results from different versions and revisions of the programs. The Author reserves the right to make any kind of changes at any time without notice.

Some Browsers may not display the larger size illustrations properly, so you may only be able to view the smaller sizes of each illustration. You should turn off the shrink-to-fit feature in your browser, if it has one, since that can distort or degrade the illustrations or make thin lines disappear.

Series 1 Perspective Display Modes includes modes within the range 1 through 9, although not all of the mode numbers in this range are in use as of the initial release of v3.7L. The different Perspective Display Mode code numbers control how triangle elements are displayed. Line elements are normally displayed using Perspective Display Mode code number 1 when all elements to be displayed are just line elements, and Perspective Display Mode code number 10 when mixed triangle and line elements need to be displayed at the same time. The Mutate command can be used to convert line elements into triangle elements so that some of the other Perspective Display Modes can be used to display the mutated line elements along with triangle elements.

Perspective Display Mode 1 is the "Universal" Perspective Display Mode, designed to display line or triangle elements on all video boards in all graphics video modes, e.g. monochrome or color. The triangle elements are rendered with their edge outlines in the color of the triangle's lines, and the triangle fill color is in black. For printing with Perspective Display Mode 1 the line color is black and the triangle fill is white or the color of the paper being printed on.

Perspective Display Mode 1 can be used on monochrome video monitors, or for use with the printing commands to make outlined shapes from triangle elements, or for printing line drawings made of line elements. The printed output is simple like a pen and ink drawing without shading. If shading is desired with outlining in the printout see the other modes in the other series, such as Series 60. In video modes that support a background color the background color can be set to black, or to some other color or gray scale by changing the Palette value for line color index 0 with the Drawing Editor's [S]etup [P]alette command or the equivalent macro command.

Which edges of the triangles three sides display while using Perspective Display Mode 1 is selected by the special triangle line attributes selected while the triangle elements are being drawn, see Appendix: N in the supplemental documentation section for more information about the line attributes.

When displaying just line elements you can select Perspective Display Mode 1 for "Wire-Frame" or line drawing display and printing.

Perspective Display Mode 2 shows all of the edges of the triangles, not just those edges that were selected to display when the triangle elements were drawn. The triangle edges are shown in the triangle's line color in video modes that display color, the triangle fill is in black. This Perspective Display Mode 2 would mostly be used during editing of drawings for looking at the location of edges of surface triangles which are intentionally not displayed by some of the other Perspective Display Modes so as to give the impression of continuous surfaces.

Perspective Display Mode 3 shows all of the sides of the triangles, i.e. p1 to p2, p2 to p3, and p3 to p1, plus the normals going from p3 to p4. When drawing triangle elements it is possible to have the triangles drawn going the wrong way around, so the normals would point inside the element rather than to the outside of the element. In order for the elements drawn to render properly you need to have the triangles drawn the right way around with their normals pointing outside away from the surface of the triangles on the element's surface. Perspective Display Mode 3 lets you see the normally invisible normal lines to check if they are pointing the right way around. Each triangle in a triangle element is made up of two line segments. The workspace in my CAD programs stores line segments. To conserve space in the workspace and speed up processing of elements, each triangle is stored using two line segments rather than four, the first line segment of the triangle is the line from p1 to p2 of the triangle, and the second line segment is the line from p3 of the triangle to the end of a normal from the surface of the triangle designated line p3 to p4, the other two lines p2 to p3, and p3 to p1 are implied but not stored, and are constructed when needed from the other two line segments. See Appendix: N for information about the line attributes special meaning when used in a triangle.

See the Correct and Revert commands in the Drawing Editor's Hidden line sub-menu for ways to edit the normals of triangles in an drawing element.

When using the Drawing Editor to draw triangle elements it is best to draw using the Front view since the direction of the triangle's normals can be uncertain sometimes when the surfaces are drawn facing the workspace from other directions. If the normals are too short to see you can make them longer with the Correct command in the Hidden line sub-menu of the Drawing Editor.

Perspective Display Mode 4 is a special purpose mode for making mattes for composite image work. The triangle elements are rendered in all black, without detail to make a silhouette matte. The background should be set to white, or filled with the background image before the elements are plotted.

Perspective Display Mode 5 is a special purpose mode for making mattes for composite image work. The triangle elements are rendered in all White, without detail to make a window matte. The background should be set to black, or filled with the background image before the elements are plotted.

Perspective Display Mode 6 can be used to see surface triangles that would be invisible in some of the other Perspective Display Modes since surface triangles are not assigned to display any of their edge outlines. Perspective Display Mode 6 would be used while editing triangle elements as an aid to seeing the edges of the triangle on the surface of the triangle elements. The colors assigned to the triangles are random and can be different each time the image is rendered, so if two adjacent triangles turn out to be the same color, try rendering again to see if they come out different colors to better see their common edge line.